Lung Cancer Essay - 925 Words

Brief Description: Lung cancer, as with all cancers, is an uncontrollable increase of cells. It happens within the lung tissue, but it could also go on to affect other nearby tissue and spread to further out than just the lungs. Cellular / Molecular Basis: Lung cancer has two types; small cell and non small cell. The two types can be identified by their appearance when looked at with a microscope. It usually affects the cells that are lined along air passages in the lungs. Causes: The foremost reason for lung cancer is cigarette smoking which causes around 90% of all deaths caused by lung cancer in the world. However, smoking is not the only way to get it. The second most frequent cause of lung cancer is exposure to radon gas, which†¦show more content†¦Treatment: As long as the cancer has not spread to outside of the lung, it can be removed with surgical resection. There are now less invasive ways to remove cancer from the lungs, such as using a small video camera to see inside the chest, resulting in smaller incisions. There has very recently been a new way to treat non small cell lung cancer that would otherwise be inoperable. Shown to be more effective than normal radiation therapy and simply observing the cancers progress, stereotatic body radiation therapy can . Laser treatment is sometimes used to unblock air passages that are blocked by a tumour and attempt to control some spreading of the cancer cells. It is different to the other â⠂¬Ëœtreatments’ as it doesn’t actually provide a solution to getting rid of the cancer, but makes the symptoms more bearable for the patient. Preventative Measures: The main way to avoid having lung cancer is not to smoke and to avoid taking in second hand smoke, but also stay away from radon gas and asbestos. Certain types of mining and farming can cause exposure to harmful asbestos and radon. It is best to stay away from these kinds of fumes, dust and other dangerous chemicals. A certain nutrient called phytoestrogen which is found in legumes, whole grains, soy products and vegetables reduces the risk of developing lung cancer. Coal products,Show MoreRelatedEssay on Lung Cancer839 Words   |  4 Pagesresponsible for nearly one in five deaths in the United States. Lung Cancer mortality are about 23 times higher for current male smokers and 13 times higher for current female smokers compared to a lifelong never-smoker. In addition to being responsible for 87% of lung cancers, smoking is also associated with cancers of the mouth, pharynx, larynx, esophagus, pancreas, uterine cervix, kidney, and bladder. Smoking accounts for at least 29% of all cancer deaths, is a major cause of heart disease, and is associatedRead MoreLung Cancers And Its Effects1288 Words   |  6 PagesINTRODUCTION What are lung cancers? Lung cancers are the abnormal cells which grow in uncontrolled manner in one or both lungs. They do not function as normal lung cells and do not develop into healthy lung tissue. The abnormal cells can grow, form tumours and interfere with the normal functions of the lung (Lungcancer.org, 2015). Lung cancers can be divided into two major types, namely non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLC) and small cell lung cancers (SCLC). NSCLC can be further classified into threeRead MoreLung Cancer1304 Words   |  6 Pages LUNG CANCER Mohamed Almasmary Bio240 Anatomy Physiology 1 4/13/14 Lung cancer is a cancer (malignancy) that originates in the tissues of the lungs or the cells lining the airways. Lung cancer originates when normal lung cells become cancer cells, usually after a series of mutations, and begin to divide out of control. Lung Cancer is a disease which consists of uncontrolled cell growth in lung tissues. Lung cancer consists of two types, Non-small cell lung cancer, and small cell lung cancerRead MoreLung Cancer1571 Words   |  7 PagesLung cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in the world, according to the World Health Organisation. In the UK, it s the second most-frequently occurring cancer among men (after prostate cancer), accounting for 1 in 7 new cases, and the third most-frequently diagnosed cancer in women (after breast and bowel cancer) accounting for about 1 in 9 new cases. However, numbers have dropped considerably in recent times, by about 16% in the last decade alone. Dr Patrisha Macnair last medically reviewedRead MoreLung Cancer : Cancer And Cancer1315 Words   |  6 PagesLung cancer is the number one leading cause of cancer deaths in the United States. Lung cancer kills more people than any other cancer, such as; breast cancer, colon, prostate, or ovarian. There are two types of lung cancer, small cell lung cancer and non-small lung cancers. These two lung cancers grow and spread differently. Small cell lung cancer tends to spread quickly and makes up about 10-15 percent of the lung cancers. Non-small lung cancer is the most common type, it attributes to aboutRead MoreLung Cancer1476 Words   |  6 PagesThe Genetics of Lung Cancer Catherine Hayworth BIO 355A/357A June 14, 2012 Colorado Christian University Cancer can be one of the hardest battles that one must face, whether that battle is lost or won, it changes the lives of everyone involved. Lung cancer is one of the most diagnosed cancers and it affects the lining of the lungs and the ability to breathe. Lung cancer is the number one killer of men and women than any other cancer worldwide. This cancer is mostly found in smokers andRead MoreLung Cancer930 Words   |  4 PagesLung Cancer Lung cancer is one of the most common cancers in the world, its deadly claws stretched over all continents in the world. However, lung cancer is not just a disease; it can act as a magnifying glass; many social problems and goodness of society can be revealed through the causes of lung cancer. Lung cancer is formed when the cells of the lungs grow in an uncontrolled way, this creates a lump or a tumor which can either be malignant or benign. Smoking and unhealthy diets are all causesRead MoreHealth Care For Lung Cancer1224 Words   |  5 Pages2012 there was in increase in lung cancer deaths by 3.5%, this percent is still rising in women while it’s stable in men (CDC, 2014). Nowadays, about 402,324 Americans have lung cancer. In 2014, the newly diagnosed lung cancer cases are 224,210, they represent 13% of all cancer diagnosis (ACS, 2014). Lung cancer affects old people and always they diagnosed in the last five years of their life. Around 80% of people who live with lung cancer their ages more than 60 years (USNIH, 2011). In KentuckyRead MoreCause And Effect Of Lung Cancer Essay1334 Words   |  6 Pages Lung cancer is one of the most lethal cancer known throughout the world. The most common suspect of that is smoking, then what happens to the people who inhales the smokers’ smoke? Are they also at risk for developing lung cancer from being a victim? The answer to that right now is that secondhand smoke alone is just a risk factor, there are no evidence right now that currently show that secondhand smoke alone can cause lung cancer by itself. This means that we need to encourage studies that areRead MoreCause And Effect Of Lung Cancer1612 Words   |  7 PagesIn addition, since emphysema is said to be one of the causes of lung cancer, it can be said that smoking is also related to lung cancer. As is well known, currently, there are no effective treatment for cancer. Smoking habit is the main cause of lung cancer. The probability of a smoker becoming lung cancer is said to be about ten times more than that of a non-smoker. Also, smoking hurts their own DNA, that is, the risk o f lung cancer extends to offspring. There may be people who think smoking cessation

Women s Rights Of Women Essay - 1365 Words

Gender Inequality Historically, women have had to fight for the right to have property, respect, and basic human rights. For centuries women have been considered inferior to men because we are not physically as strong as they are, and yet we persevere. As a woman, I would like to think we are warriors, not victims. We have come a long way but are we where we need to be? There is still radical sexism in society today. In the US women are paid less than men for the same type of employment. In the US women are considerably less likely to obtain high status jobs. The term boys club leaves a bad taste in my mouth, but we hear it all the time. Society has gradually let us believe women have a place, but that place is below men. We have officially had enough, and we are ready for equality. There is a movement happening. Women deserve the same human rights that men are entitled to, not just in the US, but worldwide. In the United States we are sheltered to the treatment of women in other co untries experience. The media does not address this in the manner it deserves. This is unacceptable. Whether it be cultural or religious views, women are being oppressed. They are being tortured or assaulted on a daily basis. There are countries that mutilate women s genitalia. There are countries that make women cover the majority their face. There are even countries who stone women for being unfaithful to their husbands. This does not happen to men. Considering this information, doesShow MoreRelatedWomen s Rights Of Women Essay1455 Words   |  6 Pagesa myriad of women have expressed through outlets such as public assemblies, literature, and speeches. There have been three waves of the women’s movement, each targeting a variety of issues within each era. The third wave was in 1995, where Hillary Clinton spoke in Beijing, China, claiming that women’s rights were the same as human rights, that every aspiring girl deserved the civil liberties that every man was give n around the world. Moreover, the movement had shifted towards women in developingRead MoreWomen s Rights Of Women1265 Words   |  6 Pagesstands in the way of women being equal to men? Journalist Carlin Flora suggests the following, â€Å"While not all claims to humanity are universal and no one context, culture or continent can truly represent all peoples, the following three examples from very different contexts, cultures and continents show that some violations of women’s human rights are universal. In particular, it is still the case the world over that a woman’s reproductive rights, which impact on her right to life, are still seenRead MoreWomen s Rights Of Women881 Words   |  4 PagesTwenty –first century ladies are discovering it a daunting task to keep up both sexual orientation parts as an aftereffect of the women s activist development. They are presently assuming liability for both the supplier and the nurturer, battling like never before to a cquire and keep a superior personal satisfaction. Woman s rights has supported in equivalent vocation opportunity, battling to get ladies acknowledged into the employment advertise, and what initially began as ladies strengtheningRead MoreWomen s Rights Of Women Essay1647 Words   |  7 Pagesthe early 1920’s, women thought they had achieved the unachievable. They could finally work, keep their earned wages, marry whomever they please, and even vote. After reaching their goal and fighting vigorously, women could taste equality and the freedom they deserved. While women still have the right to work in today’s society, women are not exactly treated equal in the workplace. Regardless of the past and the extreme measures taken to ensure equal opportunities for both men and women, there are manyRead MoreWomen s Rights Of Women1590 Words   |  7 Pagesthe 1920s, women were ignored in every aspect of their life. From politics, to social situations, women were constantly lo oked at as lesser. The 20s was a decade of women ready to fight for their rights. From gaining social freedoms, to getting political rights, the 20s was the first decade of feminism. Many women played key roles in the fight for women s rights through speeches, marches, and much more. The women that fought for their rights in the 1920s completely changed how women live their livesRead MoreWomen s Rights Of Women1230 Words   |  5 PagesWomen’s suffrage has stretched from the 1800’s to present day, as women have struggled to have the same civil and constitutional rights as men in politics and be appreciated as equals in the workforce. Groups of women known as suffragists questioned the customary views of women’s roles. Eventually our nation has evolved and realized that male-controlled societies suppress women’s rights. From the beginning steps taken in 1850 to 2013 with women earning combat roles in the military, women’s rolesRead MoreWomen s R ights Of Women1206 Words   |  5 Pagesto speak of women and the role of women in this election, the subject of women is tiresome but necessary in a world where gender is still existent as an obstacle for most. I cannot identify what woman is. I am basing my definition from our modern understanding of woman, our general view, and the popular experience. People are using younger women voting for Bernie Sanders as proof of gender’s irrelevant in this election, that women have achieved their rights. Even if women ‘have rights now’ it doesRead MoreWomen s Rights Of Women1393 Words   |  6 Pages Women all over the world are being treated different than men. Iran is one of the places that women are being treated the worst. From restrictions to punishments, women in Iran are being treated with no respect, and that is not okay. Women’s rights activists have tried to get it to change, and have traveled to many places to try and get more people to join their movement. There are many issues with women not having the same rights as men. One of the main problems is that they are treated lessRead MoreWomen s Rights Of Women1272 Words   |  6 PagesThroughout history, women have fought a strenuous battle for equal rights. Many men, and even some women, all over the world believe that women do not share the same value and importance to society as men do. On September 5, 1995, Hillary Clinton spoke at the 4th World Conference on Women, on behalf of women all over the world. Clinton raised awareness on how women s rights are being violated and why it is important to recognize women s rights as equal to everyone else’s rights. Even today, in 2016Read MoreWomen s Rights Of Women1052 Words   |  5 PagesThe family has traditionally been the basic unit of Chinese society where women have long been charged with upholding society s values in their roles as wives and mothers. Especially in the Qing Dynasty, women were required to balance society s i deals with the reality of raising a family and maintaining a household. Throughout the imperial period and into the beginning of the twentieth century, the relationship among family members was prescribed by Confucian teachings. The revered philosopher

The Advantages of Having Good Communication Skill Free Essays

Communication is undoubtedly one of the most important skills to hone. Being able to communicate effectively and clearly in your own environment and comfort zone may seem challenging enough, but it increases exponentially in a different culture. Globalization is unavoidable in this day and age, and therefore being able to communicate in the face of cultural diversity is more important than ever. We will write a custom essay sample on The Advantages of Having Good Communication Skill or any similar topic only for you Order Now There are two parts of communication that hold true no matter what culture you are in. Verbal and nonverbal communication exists regardless of the surrounding environment. Last summer I studied abroad in Valence, Spain. Obviously the verbal communication was completely different due to the language barrier, but the most difficult part was understanding and using the appropriate colloquialisms and metaphoric phrases. Informer the bomb† and â€Å"Chill out† when directly translated do not take on the same meaning as they do here. It was interesting learning the different phrases and the locals found it funny when we told them they were explosives or to cool off in a refrigerator as they understood it. The most challenging difference of communication in Spain was the nonverbal specs. To best explain, Americans typically speak at an arms length distance. The Spaniards, however, have a completely different concept of personal space. If you were to hold out your arm and touch the person’s shoulder in front of you that you are speaking to, you would be at an appropriate distance away from he or she in our culture. Now if you both fold your arms at the elbow and take a step closer to where your elbows are touching, you are at an appropriate distance in the Spanish culture. I found that very difficult to get used to. It was as if our noses were touching. Personal space was Just one of many of the nonverbal aspects of communication that was different in this culture but it is by the far the one I remember most. Although there are many topics that can be covered under the umbrella of communication I chose communication in the face of cultural diversity because I have recently had a personal experience with it and hope to have many more in my lifetime. It is critical that I learn and understand how to communicate in different cultures for my future career and I am excited about future opportunities to do so. Conflict Management and Negotiation Recently I have learned the importance of conflict management in a leadership role. I am planning formal for my sorority this year, and have been in the process with my co-chair for over a year. In December 2010 we had a venue and date booked for this Saturday, February 18, 2012. Eleven days before the event, close to one hundred girls signed up after the specified deadline almost doubling the guest count to four hundred people. This has caused my co-chair and me to go into a craze with changing transportation, catering, and venue costs for the additional people. The aroma was originally free as we had been planning and budgeting extremely well for over a year, yet changing the numbers exponentially less than two weeks before the event incurred breach of contract fees, additional staffing fees, additional security fees, additional transportation fees, and additional catering fees per person. Unfortunately after promising our sorority a free formal for the first time in history of formals, we are now having to charge eleven dollars a person or twenty-two dollars a couple due this Thursday by 5:PM. Obviously any manager or individual in a dervish role can imagine the conflicts this additional charge has caused between my co-chair and me and the members of our sorority. We have received very inconsiderate emails and are dealing with explaining to two hundred why a week before the event there is a charge to attend. Through the assigned reading I have realized I am going through an interrupt conflict, or a conflict between groups or teams in an organization. Unfortunately the groups are incredibly unevenly divided, as it is two against two hundred. My co-chair and I have been frantically trying to explain the situation and accommodate everyone o ensure a positive atmosphere surrounding the event without severing the relationships and bonds we have with out sisters. Although some understand the situation and are still appreciative of the hard work that we have put in for over a year, others are still upset and we receive emails everyday with questions and concerns that are not always written as appropriately as we would like. The biggest issue that my co-chair and I have been coping is the idea of losing trust amongst our sisters. Although some understand the situation, the few that do not have made it clear they do not appreciate the last minute details, even though ecological it was not our fault for the situation. We have not placed blame on anyone but unfortunately others have placed blame on us causing a mix between functional and dysfunctional conflicts within the interrupt conflict. We are sure the event will still be pleasant and everyone will enjoy it, but if I have learned anything from this it is that no matter how much time, effort, and organization a person puts into the planning of an event, something will always go wrong and someone will always be dissatisfied. However, it is important to manage the conflict with those that I can and o ensure that I take care of myself and enjoy the event Saturday that I have worked so hard planning for. Customer service is truly an industry that is not the fantasy it is glorified to be and I am thankful to have learned that now. Power Influence Influence is the process of affecting the thoughts, behavior, or feelings of another person. Personally, influence is the determining factor of all decisions I make. The ethical question behind influence, however, is where does it come from and which influence tactic is most appropriate and effective in a given situation. Ideally I hope that all decisions I make come from within. However it is difficult to determine how and what has shaped my basis of beliefs. Do I make my own decisions, or does my faith, family, boss, or group of friends influence my decisions? In addition to where influence comes from, another driving force behind decommissioning is influential tactics. According to the reading, there are four influential tactics used most frequently. These four tactics are consultation, rational persuasion, inspirational appeals, and integration. Tactics are used for impression management, which refers to individuals’ use of influence tactics to control others impressions of them. Determining which influential tactic to implement depends on the target audience and target goal. For example, I am actively involved in Relay For Life on campus as I hold the Marketing Executive Co-chair position benefiting the American Cancer Society. We are always looking for new ways to influence the student body and ourselves to get involved and remain enthusiastic. At each of our meetings and events, we implement the inspirational appeal tactic. We open each meeting with a student’s story of why he or she relays. Often these stories as very heart-wrenching and appeal to everyone s we all have gotten involved due to some effect of a loved one suffering from cancer. Influence is a powerful tool in everyday life and especially in high involvement decisions. It is important to utilize ethics when influencing a person though. Determining which appeal is most appropriate may be difficult but is essential to avoid coercing another’s decision that he or she may not be satisfied with at a later date. Overall, influential basis and tactics can and should be used appropriately to help another individual’s decision process and not abuse power over someone else. How to cite The Advantages of Having Good Communication Skill, Papers

Business of Internationalization Free Samples †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Business of Internationalization Process. Answer: Introduction This essay will address the concept of business internationalization. Internationalization process is the initiates in an organization when it seeks to expand its venture outside its domestic boundaries. It is the process of designing of the products in such a fashion that it will meet the needs of the users in many countries or can easily be adapted to do so. Various reasons could be spot for an organization to internationalize their business. They can be like, diversification, economics of scale, government incentives, market growth, joint venture opportunities and saturated domestic market. There are a number of methods that can be adopted to expand the retail domestic organizational business into emerging markets. They are export based, non-equity based, and equity based methods. Export can again be divide into direct and indirect exporting. Similarly, non-equity based method is divided into licensing and franchising, and equity based method into joint ventures and green field in vestment. Different methods are opted by many organizations depending of various factors related to the market of expansion. They can be political, social, environmental, or technological. Using the pest analysis for studying the market situation, organization selects any particular internationalization method that is suitable for the particular market. A brief theoretical analysis of these methods along with the advantages and disadvantages are presented in the essay and highlight how it can maximize the chances of success and minimize the risk. The theories are then connected with the real world case scenarios to provide a better understanding of the concept and recommendation is added in the final part. Export mode of entry Exporting is one of the key and effective market entry modes available to the multinational organizations seeking to enter in a new country. It refers to the process of transporting the items or products to the host country from the home country with the help of the chosen mode of transportation (Cavusgil et al. 2014). In the initiation of the export mode of entry, business organizations do not have any physical presence in the host country, rather than they are only responsible in sending the products in the host market. However, export mode of entry can also be classified in two part based on their approach. One part represents the direct exporting and another is indirect exporting. Direct exporting Direct exporting refers to the process of exporting the products from the home to the host country directly by the organization. In this case, exporting organizations maintains a separate department to look after the export process (Gubik and Karajz 2014). In addition, in the case of the direct exporting, the particular organization has their own selling representatives in the host country. These representatives act as the face of the exporting organization in the host country. They are also responsible for the generation of revenue as well as volume of sales in the host country. Indirect exporting Indirect exporting is another type of export mode of entry. According to this strategy, the exporting organization does not take the sole responsibility of managing the export process by own. Rather than they involves various intermediaries such as exporting consultants, third party selling representatives and trade merchants. It helps the exporting organization in reducing the responsibility being associated with exporting of the products. Moreover, one of the key advantages being garnered from the indirect mode of exporting is the expertise being possessed by the third party intermediaries. This is due to the reason that, intermediaries is having more expertise and specialization compared to the exporting organization. The intermediaries have more market information and data than the exporting organization and thus it will be more beneficial and effective for the exporting organization to involve the intermediaries in exporting their products in the host country. Types of indirect exporters There are various types of indirect exporters such as export merchants, trading houses, trading companies and agents. Export merchants refer to traders who are involved in buying the goods from the exporting organization and sell it in their own in the host country. In this case, the key advantage for the exporting organization is the reduction of the responsibility and risk for them in exporting the products. Export houses buy products from different organization and export those according to the requirement of the host countries. In this case, the key advantage for the exporting organization is the reduction of the risk and less influence of the determining factors for the trend of export (Lehtinen, Ahokangas and Lu 2016). This is due to the reason that, export houses buys in bulk from the manufacturing organizations and stores them, which are being further exported in the host country according to the demand. Agents or brokers are quite similar of the selling agent for the exporting organization. However, the key differences between them and the selling agents is that, selling agents is the employee of the organization, whereas, agents or brokers performs theselling and marketing activities on the behalf of the exporting organization in exchange of commission. The key advantage with this intermediary is the less responsibility of the exporting organization due to the fact that they do not have to employ anyone permanently in the host country. Critical analysis There are various researches being done by various authors about the merits and demerits of exporting as an entry mode for the business organizations. According to Handley (2014), export mode of entry is the most effective and secured entry mode strategy for the organization seeking entry in the international business. This is due to the reason that, in the case of exporting the responsibility of the organizations are limited to the transportation of the items to the host country. Thus, they do not have to incur any risk regarding the political, social or legal risk in the host country. Moreover, according to the author, export mode of entry is the most cost effective strategy for the organizations. This is due to the reason that, no huge investment is required in the case of exporting and there is no need of setting up operational facilities in the host country for the organization. Some other authors have given the opinion about the deeper understanding of the exporting strategy. According to Seker (2012), exporting of the products in the developing countries holds extra benefits for the exporting organization. This is due to the reason that, in the current business scenario, developing countries are having the growth rate even more compared to some of the developed countries. Thus, the market potential is increasing and along with that, the business opportunity of the organizations is also increasing. In addition, the author also stated that, the products, which are being becoming obsolete in the developed countries, would have huge market potential in the developing countries. This is due to the reason that, developing countries are having the less access of the updated products compared to the developed countries. Thus, exporting of the goods, which are being obsolete in the home country for the organization, will find huge market in the developing countries . Dyner and Ryabova (2013) stated that there are various demerits for the export mode of entry. According to them, there are many uncertainties in relation of the exporting. This is due to the reason that, in the case of exporting, the organizations have to incur extra cost by the way of import and export tariffs. Thus, eventually the cost of the products is increased and lead to less market potential in the host market. In addition, they also stated that, in the case of the exporting, organizations do not have the physical presence in the host market. Thus, it will affect their market penetration activities. Non-equity based Method Non-equity based entry mode is the process that in where the organization directly involves it the market through two main ways. They are Licensing and Franchising. It enables the company to have a partial influence over the market. Licensing It is an agreement between the licensor and licensee where the licensor grants permission to sell the organizations product in the foreign country. The licensor on the other hand receives a loyalty fee from the licensee based on the mode of operation. In other words, a firm in one county grants permission to a company in another country to use the manufacturing, processing, trademark (Pietrasie?ski 2011). For example, suppose a videogame manufacturer in US wants to expand their business to Africa using the licensing method, they need to make an agreement with an African firm allowing them to use their product patent and giving other resources in return for a payment. The African firm can them manufacture and sell video game in Africa with the US companys brand name. For example, Lego bought the license of the Batman character and now producing and manufacturing under the brand name of Batman. This way, Batman has expanded their business in US market. Franchising This can be consider as a more sophisticated form of licensing where the franchisor has the greater authority and insists the franchisee to agree to abide by the strict rules as to how it does the business. Here the mother company has the right to make any decision and the franchisee has to obey the proposed decision (Forte and Carvalho 2013). Franchising strategy of McDonald is the best example for explaining where McDonald set rules for the franchisee in their operation. They have the complete control over the menu, staffing policies, design, and location of the restaurant and the cooking method. They also controls the supply chain in any given market. Critical analysis According to Grnig and Morschett (2012), analyses market entry modes over different industries and came to conclusion that the non-equity mode of entry is the second best entry mode possibly utilized by the organizations next to export. It is due to the risk factors in investing in a foreign unknown market. Licensing and franchising are both are potential entry method that minimizes the risk of entering a new market lowering the capital investment in the market. However, potential threats are observed as they loses their partial power of decision-making. It can sometimes, reduce the quality of the products and services offered under the companys brand name. Possible conflicts are inevitable in this type of entry method. Salar and Salar (2014) however, identified various advantages and disadvantages of using franchising as a mode of entry in an unknown culture. The advantages lies in he cost and risk factors. The risk factors that play important role in internationalization is considerable low than the equity mode of entry. The cost and the risk involved in this mode is minimal and near to none. This enables the company to invest in the foreign market. However, there ae some vital risk factors that plays significant role in franchising and licensing. The risk factors in both the cases are quite similar due to their similarities in nature. The company has less control in this process of entry in the international market. The power is vested in the hands of the franchisee to make necessary decision. Hence, there is possible risk in quality compromisation and brand image. Moreover, they cannot utilize the profit generated from one market to support the company in danger in other market. In addition to i t, a potential conflict always lies within due to the gap between the ideas and desires of both the franchisor and franchisee. According to Asarpota (2014), various issues will be present at all times with the use of franchising as an entry mode. They are similar to the statements of other researchers. However, the potential advantages that lies in front should also be address as they minimalizes the cost of operation in the foreign market. This Equity based Method Equity based method is nothing but the use of foreign direct investment by the firm for competing internationally in the modern global economy. The firms using this method secure greatest level of control over its proprietary information (Shieh and Wu 2012). There are many types of equity based methods, but the most common are joint ventures and green field investments. Joint Venture When a company enters in a foreign market making partnership with a local company and brings new product in the market, it is called joint venture. There can be two types of joint venture, which are specialized joint venture and shared value joint venture When the companies come together with their specific skills and combine them for creating something out of it, it is specialized joint venture. For example, Japanese electronics company Sony and Swedish telecommunication company Ericsson came together to create mobile phones. On the other hand, in shared vale venture, both the companies contribute to the same function. Example of Fuji-Xerox is best to explain this, where both the companies shared their knowledge of design, production and marketing. Greenfield Investment In this mode of entry, the company gets to keep the 100% ownership of stock and share. A company can start their business in a foreign country from the scratch. The cost and the risk factors are potentially high in this kind of internationalization. The company has to establish from factory build stores in the foreign market all by themselves (Meyer and Thaijongrak 2013). Toyota is seeking to apply Greenfield entry mode in the Mexican market. Critical analysis Various advantages and disadvantages are sited over the past few decades in equity entry mode of business organizations in alien culture. Tseng and Lee (2010) suggested that joint ventures are more preferable mode of internalization than the rest of the equity modes, It is primarily due to the risk factors and cost required in setting up a business in a foreign country. Joint venture reduces the possible risk factors while giving the company a level of influence over the strategies of the business. Shieh and Wu (2012) in their report shows that the FDI in Vietnam market shows a degree of advantages due to their FDI policies. The multinational companies from the middle Asia finds a fruitful advantage to expand their business in Vietnam because of their favourable political environment. The risk factors in this particular case is comparatively low to other sectors of the world. Similarities can be found in case of Rwanda where the foreign direct policy gives the investors a degree of liberation in their operation (Byigero, Clancy and Skutsch 2010). According to Rugmans (2010) analysis of electric theory of internationalization, FDI shows potential advantages in the international business on the grounds of ownership, location, and internalization. The company gets to retain their full authority in their business in the foreign settings. However, potential risk constantly lies in front for the uncertainty in expanding business in the foreign grounds. The cost and risk factors are considerably high in equity based entry mode where the chances of loss is far greater than any other mode of entry (Rugman 2010). Lpez-Duarte and Vidal-Surez (2010) identified the political and cultural complication in FDI. These dilemmas are capable of bring severe impact on the business organization. Recommendation and Conclusion Various political, socio-cultural economic and technological factors play significant role while selecting any mode of entry in specific market in developing country. Different social and political dilemmas significantly influence the foreign investment in the country. Hence, it should be identified prior of making selection of entry mode. For example, there are three factors that influence the selection of entry mode in the fashion retail market that are firm specific, country specific and market specific (Lu, Karpova and Fiore 2011). Hence, the companies should conduct thorough study to develop idea of the required entry mode for any specific market. The essay could be concluded with the statement, that export method is the best mode that can be used in the process of internationalization. The risk factors incorporated in this type is minimal. However, the companies need to look for FDI in order to sustain in he competitive market. Equity mode of entry favors FDI carries the highest possible risk in for a business with potential to deliver maximum profit. On the other hand, non-equity mode proposes low risk in business, but there is a potential threat of losing unique identity, as they have to share their technology with the licensee or the franchisee. Moreover, not every retail industry can incorporate every entry mode in every developing market. Entry mode is always selected based on several political, economical, socio-cultural factors and the type of retail industry. Example of eh MNC and fashion industry mentioned in the discussion shows that MNC requires a equity mode of entry as the political and socio-cultural effect is l ow, Whereas, the fashion industry needs enter the market with the franchising mode as the socio-cultural factor plays an important role in clothing. Moreover, the discussion reflects that both Vietnam and Rwanda has favorable FDI policies, which makes the industry to go for it to generate maximum profit. References Asarpota, J., 2014. 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